Which organization enforces trade sanctions and is part of the Department of Treasury?

The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is the organization within the Department of Treasury responsible for administering and enforcing trade sanctions. These sanctions may target countries, individuals, or organizations that pose a threat to U.S. national security, foreign policy, or economy. OFAC's mission involves the implementation of sanctions programs that are enacted by the U.S. government, providing the necessary regulatory framework for these measures to ensure compliance with U.S. laws.

Given the nature of trade sanctions, they are crucial for maintaining foreign policy objectives and can be applied in various scenarios, including those related to national security concerns or violations of human rights. OFAC also takes the lead in defining the specifics of the sanctions, including what types of transactions are prohibited, who is restricted, and how the sanctions can be enforced across U.S. borders.

In contrast, the other options serve different functions: the Bureau of Industry and Security manages exports of dual-use goods (items that can be used for both civilian and military purposes), the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls oversees defense exports and related services, while U.S. Customs and Border Protection is involved primarily with border security and customs enforcement, focusing on goods entering and leaving the United States rather than specifically enforcing trade sanctions.