In disputes involving different nations, what does public international law address?

Public international law primarily addresses disputes between nations, which encompasses various issues such as treaty violations, territorial disputes, and diplomatic relations. This body of law governs the rights and duties of states in their interactions with one another and is fundamental in maintaining order and resolving conflicts on the global stage.

While human rights violations are indeed an important aspect of international law, they are typically addressed under human rights law, which is a subset of public international law focused on protecting individual rights across nations. Civil matters between private entities fall under domestic or private law rather than the realm of public international law. The incorporation of international companies pertains to corporate and business law, which is also outside the specific scope of public international law. Therefore, the focus of public international law on the relationships and disputes between nations makes it the correct answer in this context.